Three Border Ecologies

© 2019 Lena Martinez-Miller | LenaMartinezMiller.com

© 2019 Lena Martinez-Miller | LenaMartinezMiller.com

Three Border Ecologies reconsiders the US-Mexico border as neither a line nor border infrastructure delineating the nation’s boundaries. The US is legally policed by the US Customs and Border Patrol anywhere within a 100-mile ring around the entire country. This ring is known as the “100-mile border zone.” Three Border Ecologies reveals how the border is, and has always been, defined through seemingly abstract laws and interpretations of the law that justify containment. The project involves drawing with artists, designers and activists at three sites that represent the legal manifestation of the border as physically distributed, mutable and invisible: the permanent checkpoint at San Clemente; the temporary checkpoint near Oak Grove in the Cleveland National Forest; and the most southwestern point of the 100-mile inland border near 29 Palms and Cleghorn Lakes Wilderness. The sites are mostly unbuilt natural environments representing three distinct California ecologies: coastal chaparral (San Clemente), oak woodland (Oak Grove), and desert (Cleghorn). The intent here is to contrast these diverse living landscapes with the representation of the border as a numerical calculation of territory. In relation to the 100-mile inland border law, artists’ and activists’ diverse eye-witness perspectives of places within it gesture towards the uncontainable diversity of people and environment.

100-Mile Border Zone
Within 100 miles of all US borders, Department of Homeland Security agents including Border Patrol and ICE are legally permitted to operate checkpoints in public spaces and board any vehicle without a warrant. Within 25 miles of these borders, agents can also enter private non-residential property. The three sites listed below are located within this zone.

Image credit: Jena Lee

Image credit: Jena Lee

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100-Mile Zone Interior Boundary Southwest Corner
Documented from Cleghorn Lakes Wilderness, March 16, 2019
Located in the desolate rocky environment of the Boullion Mountains just outside Twentynine Palms, CA, Cleghorn Lakes represents the southwestern corner of the 100-Mile Border Zone. Warrantless searches by the Border Patrol are legally permitted only on one side of this point.

Image credit: Gloria Lee

Image credit: Gloria Lee

33.3864641, -116.7907102
Oak Grove Campground Temporary Checkpoint
Documented at Oak Grove Campground, April 13, 2019
Located along the eastern edge of Cleveland National Forest on CA Highway 79, the Border Patrol operates temporary checkpoints within a 70 mile radius. Ricardo Favela, Alianza Comunitaria Coordinator, spoke with artists on site about the impact of these temporary checkpoints on local communities.

Image credit: Hillary Mushkin

Image credit: Hillary Mushkin

33.3538691, -117.5264290
San Clemente Border Patrol Station Permanent Checkpoint
Documented from San Onofre State Beach, May 11, 2019
Located on I-5 Highway, San Clemente, CA, this permanent border patrol checkpoint was established in 1924 and has expanded over the years to include monitoring of both land and sea, with mobile agents patrolling north from the checkpoint station all the way to Malibu. Lillian Serrano, Alianza Comunitaria Coordinator, spoke with artists on site about the impact of the San Clemente Border Patrol checkpoint.

MexiCali Biennial
Calafia: Manifesting the Terrestrial Paradise
Armory Center for the Arts, Pasadena, CA • Oct 6, 2019 - Jan 12, 2020
Installation views of Three Border Ecologies

A Special Thanks to the following artists, scholars, activists and advocates who contributed to Three Border Ecologies:

Bill Basquin, Joseph Bolstad, Pam Calore, Katherine Chandler, Andrea Cornelius, Kristine Diekman, Ricardo Favela, Lesley Goren, Margaret Hellerstein, Robby Herbst, Mayuko Kono, Gloria Lee, Jena Lee, Claudia Martinez Mansell, Lena Martinez-Miller, Stacie Jaye Meyer, Nikko Mueller, Meena Nanji, Ian Philabaum, Lillian Serrano, Lucy HG Solomon, Eva Struble, Misato Susuki, Nathan Swift, Leslie Thornton, Kimberly Varella, Thomas Zummer